词性缩写:n. 名词;v. 动词;adj. 形容词;adv. 副词;prep. 介词;conj. 连词。

一、核心词汇和词族

单词词性中文常用搭配或说明
boundadj.必然的;一定的be bound to do sth 一定会做某事
aboundv.大量存在;充满abound in/with sth 充满……;盛产……
abundantadj.丰富的;充裕的be abundant in sth 富含……;盛产……
masterv./n.v. 掌握;精通 n. 大师;主人master a language/skill 掌握语言/技能
masteryn.精通;掌握have a good mastery of sth 熟练掌握某事
aboardadv./prep.在船、飞机、火车上;上船/登机go aboard / welcome aboard 登上交通工具/欢迎登乘
abroadadv.在国外;到国外go/study abroad 出国/留学
superioradj.更好的;优越的be superior to sth 优于……
inferioradj.较差的;次等的be inferior to sth 次于……
recoverv.恢复;康复recover from sth 从……中恢复
absentadj.缺席的;不在的be absent from sth 缺席……
solutionn.解决方案;答案a solution to sth ……的解决方案
resolvev.解决;决心resolve to do sth 决心做某事
resolutionn.决心;决议;解决make a resolution to do sth 下定决心做某事
relaxv.放松;使放松relax (oneself) 放松自己(通常直接用 relax)
absorbedadj.全神贯注的be absorbed in sth/doing sth 全神贯注于……
regularadj.有规律的;定期的regular exercise 有规律的锻炼
patientadj./n.adj. 耐心的 n. 病人be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
hesitatev.犹豫;踌躇hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事
hesitationn.犹豫;踌躇without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
overcomev.战胜;克服overcome difficulties/fear 克服困难/恐惧
communicatev.交流;沟通communicate with sb 与某人交流
opportunity / chancen.机会have/get an opportunity to do sth 有/获得做某事的机会
conclusionn.结论draw/come to a conclusion 得出结论
flexibleadj.灵活的;可变通的a flexible schedule 灵活的时间安排
convenientadj.方便的;便捷的It is convenient for sb to do sth. 某人做某事很方便
promotev.促进;推销;晋升promote development/health 促进发展/健康
physicaladj.身体的;物质的physical health/exercise 身体健康/体育锻炼
cultivatev.培养;发展;耕作cultivate a habit/ability 培养习惯/能力
visitv./n.参观;拜访;访问visit a place / pay a visit to 参观某地
foreignadj.外国的;异国的a foreign language 一门外语
preparev.准备prepare for sth 为……做准备;prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物
enrichv.丰富;充实enrich one’s life/knowledge 丰富某人的生活/知识
repairv./n.修理;修补repair a car 修理汽车
recordv./n.v. 记录 n. 记录;录音keep a record of sth 记录某事
naturaladj.自然的;天然的natural resources 自然资源
environmentn.环境protect the environment 保护环境
socialadj.社会的;社交的social life/skills 社会生活/社交技能
libraryn.图书馆in the library 在图书馆
membern.成员;会员a member of sth ……的一员
especiallyadv.尤其;特别用来突出某人或某事
discussv.讨论discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事;不加 about
considerv.考虑;认为consider doing sth 考虑做某事
remindv.提醒;使想起remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事;remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
rememberv.记得;记住remember to do 记得去做;remember doing 记得做过
careern.职业;事业choose/pursue a career 选择/追求事业
educationn.教育receive an education 接受教育
preferv.更喜欢;偏爱见后文“偏好”句型
invitev.邀请invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
invitationn.邀请;请柬an invitation to sth 参加……的邀请
sharev./n.v. 分享;合用 n. 份额;股份share sth with sb 与某人分享某物
livelyadj.活泼的;生动的;热闹的a lively discussion 热烈的讨论
fascinatev.使入迷;深深吸引sth fascinates sb 某事深深吸引某人
fascinatingadj.迷人的;极有吸引力的修饰事物:a fascinating story
fascinatedadj.着迷的;被吸引的修饰人:be fascinated by/with sth
practicen./v.练习;实践practice doing sth 练习做某事(英式英语动词常写 practise)
personalityn.性格;个性a cheerful personality 开朗的性格
behaviorn.行为;举止英式拼写为 behaviour
positionn.位置;职位;立场apply for a position 申请一个职位
confidentadj.自信的;有信心的be confident about/of sth 对某事有信心
confidencen.信心;自信have confidence in sth 对……有信心
ambitiousadj.有抱负的;雄心勃勃的be ambitious to do sth 有雄心做某事
expressv.表达;表示express one’s opinion/thanks 表达观点/谢意
opinionn.意见;看法in one’s opinion 在某人看来
objectn./v.n. 物体;目标 v. 反对object to sth/doing sth 反对某事/做某事
strengthn.力量;优点;长处strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
cherishv.珍爱;珍惜cherish friendship/time 珍惜友谊/时间
spiritn.精神;心灵;勇气team spirit 团队精神
attractv.吸引attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
attractionn.吸引力;景点a top/tourist attraction 顶级/著名旅游景点
beyondprep./adv.超出;在……那边beyond one’s ability 超出某人的能力
populationn.人口;族群have a population of… 有……人口;人口多用 large,少用 small
dailyadj./adv./n.每日的;每日;日报daily life 日常生活
approvev.赞成;批准approve of sth/doing sth 赞成……;approve sth 批准某事
reliableadj.可靠的;可信赖的a reliable person/source 可靠的人/来源
achievementn.成就;成绩a sense of achievement 成就感

二、必背固定搭配

搭配中文及用法
above all最重要的是;尤其是
have a good command/mastery of sth精通/熟练掌握某事
have a talent for sth/doing sth在某方面有天赋(不完全等同于“精通”)
be good at sth/doing sth擅长某事/做某事
provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
provide sb with sth向某人提供某物
in order to do sth为了做某事;否定式为 in order not to do
take advantage of sth利用某物;也可表示“占……便宜”
make (full/good) use of sth(充分/好好)利用某物
put/place a high(er) value on sth(更加)重视某事
emphasize/stress sth强调某事
pay attention to sth/doing sth注意/重视某事/做某事
mind doing sth介意做某事;Would you mind doing…? 你介意做……吗?
make a big difference (to sth)(对……)产生很大影响;意义重大
attend sth参加会议/婚礼/课程;一般不加介词
join sb / join an organization和某人一起;加入组织
join in sth/doing sth参加活动
take part in / participate in sth参加活动;participate in 较正式
play a role/part in sth/doing sth在……中起作用
play an important/key role in sth在……中起重要/关键作用
get along (well) with sb与某人相处(融洽)
rely on sb/sth依靠;依赖;信赖
take over接管;接任;占上风
be worth doing值得做;doing 用主动形式表示被动含义
stop/prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
be late for sth……迟到
fail to do sth未能做某事
stick to sth/doing sth坚持某事/做某事
think highly of sb/sth高度评价/赞赏某人或某事
have a strong desire to do sth有做某事的强烈愿望
desire to do sth渴望做某事
succeed in doing sth成功做某事
a way to do sth / a way of doing sth做某事的方法
turn to sb for help向某人求助
have experience in sth/doing sth在某事/做某事方面有经验
insist on sth/doing sth坚持某事/做某事
persist in sth/doing sth坚持某事/做某事,强调持续不放弃
try/do one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
make friends with sb与某人交朋友;friends 通常用复数
in return (for sth)作为(对……的)回报
in trouble处于困境中;有麻烦
have a good view of sth能清楚看到某物;视野好
get a better view of sth更清楚地观看/欣赏某物
be troubled by sth受……困扰
adapt to sth/doing sth适应某事/做某事;to 是介词
spare time to do sth抽出时间做某事
in one’s spare time在某人的业余时间
give sb a hand帮某人一把
a sense of + n.一种……感,如 a sense of responsibility/achievement 责任感/成就感

三、重点语法句型

1. 就近原则

  • neither A nor B:既不 A,也不 B。
  • either A or B:要么 A,要么 B。
  • 谓语动词通常与离它最近的主语 B 保持一致。
  • 例:Neither Tom nor his parents are at home. 汤姆和他的父母都不在家。
  • 例:Either his parents or Tom is responsible for it. 要么他的父母,要么汤姆要对此负责。

2. 形式主语

It is + adj. + for/of sb + to do sth.

  • for sb:形容词说明“事情”的性质,如 important, necessary, difficult, convenient
  • 例:It is important for us to exercise regularly. 对我们来说,有规律地锻炼很重要。
  • of sb:形容词评价“人”的品质,如 kind, clever, careless, polite
  • 例:It is kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。

3. 形式宾语

主语 + 谓语 + it + adj./n. + to do sth

  • 常见谓语:make, consider, find, think, believe, feel
  • 例:I find it difficult to master English. 我发现掌握英语很难。
  • 例:Regular exercise makes it possible for us to stay healthy. 有规律的锻炼使我们有可能保持健康。

4. used to 系列

结构含义例句
used to do sth过去常常做某事,现在不一定做I used to get up late.
be/get used to sth/doing sth习惯于某事/做某事I am used to getting up early.
be accustomed to sth/doing sth习惯于……,较正式She is accustomed to living alone.
be used to do sth被用来做某事Wood is used to make paper.

5. 偏好与选择

  • prefer to do sth:更喜欢做某事。
  • prefer A to B:比起 B 更喜欢 A。
  • prefer doing A to doing B:比起做 B 更喜欢做 A。
  • prefer to do A rather than do B:宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B。
  • would rather do A than do B:宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B。

6. be of + 抽象名词

be of + n. = be + adj.

  • It is of great significance. = It is very significant. 这非常重要/很有意义。
  • The advice is of great value. = The advice is very valuable. 这条建议很有价值。
  • 常见名词:importance, significance, value, help, use

四、写作常用表达

表达中文
when it comes to + n./doing当谈到……时
what is more / what’s more而且;更重要的是
above all最重要的是
draw a conclusion得出结论
make a big difference意义重大;产生很大影响
play an important role in…在……中起重要作用
take full advantage of…充分利用……
put a high value on…高度重视……
have a strong desire to do…有做……的强烈愿望
turn to sb for help向某人求助
give sb a hand帮某人一把
a sense of achievement成就感

五、规范例句

  1. We’re bound to meet difficulties in the process. 我们在这个过程中一定会遇到困难。
  2. The forest abounds in wild animals. 这片森林里有大量野生动物。
  3. This area is abundant in natural resources. 这个地区自然资源丰富。
  4. She has a good mastery of oral English. 她熟练掌握英语口语。
  5. He made a resolution to quit smoking. 他下定决心戒烟。
  6. Even small things can make a big difference. 即使是小事也能产生很大的影响。

六、易错点速记

  1. aboard = 上船/登机;abroad = 在国外;原笔记中的 aborad 是拼写错误。
  2. superior/inferior 后用 to,不用 than
  3. solution 后用 toa solution to the problem
  4. discuss sth 中间不加 about
  5. adapt tostick toobject topay attention to 中的 to 是介词,后接名词或动名词。
  6. mindconsiderpracticesucceed in 后接 doing
  7. be worth doing 用主动形式表示被动:The book is worth reading.
  8. make friends with sb,不是 make friend with sb
  9. fascinating 通常描述事物;fascinated 通常描述人的感受。
  10. put a high value on 更准确的含义是“高度重视”,而 emphasize 是“强调”。